At a glance
| Chemical family | A polychlorinated antimicrobial (a carbanilide); the chemical cousin of triclosan |
| CAS number | 101-20-2 |
| Classification | FDA-banned (2016) from OTC consumer antiseptic wash products. A persistent, bioaccumulative endocrine disruptor that amplifies endogenous hormone action |
| Where you encounter it | Historically antibacterial bar soaps and body washes; now removed from U.S. consumer washes but possible in some other products or markets |
| Sleep micro-environment relevance | A skin-applied antimicrobial residue that transfers onto bedding; persistent and bioaccumulative, detected in human urine, blood and cord blood |
| Activated carbon capture | Not the lever — product choice (skip "antibacterial" soaps) and ordinary washing address it |
Regulatory & certification status
Where Triclocarban stands across the major regulatory systems and the certifications a bedroom product might carry. Each row links to the governing instrument; where a jurisdiction has no specific measure, that is stated plainly rather than left blank.
| European Union | No harmonised CLP classification in Annex VI to CLP; suppliers self-classify under CLP (industry C&L notifications report it as hazardous to the aquatic environment, e.g. Aquatic Acute 1 / Aquatic Chronic 1 — this is self-classification, not an EU-harmonised entry). It is restricted (not prohibited) in cosmetics under Regulation (EC) 1223/2009 as amended by Commission Regulation (EU) 2024/996 (adopted 3 April 2024), on the basis of an SCCS opinion on its potential endocrine-disrupting properties: as a preservative in Annex V, max 0.2%, but not permitted in mouthwash and not permitted in toothpaste for children under 6; and for purposes other than inhibiting micro-organisms in Annex III (entry 100), max 1.5% in rinse-off products. The amended limits apply from 31 December 2024 (new products) / 31 October 2025 (existing products). Not on the REACH SVHC Candidate List or Authorisation List (Annex XIV), and not an Annex XVII restriction entry in its own name. Regulatory — EUR-Lex |
| United States | Under FDA's 2016 Consumer Antiseptic Wash Final Rule (81 FR 61106, 6 September 2016), triclocarban is one of 19 active ingredients finalized as non-monograph (not generally recognized as safe and effective) for OTC consumer antiseptic wash products such as hand and body soaps, so it cannot be marketed in those rinse-off products. It is a personal-care antibacterial agent rather than a registered pesticide, so it is not a FIFRA active ingredient; no specific EPA TSCA risk evaluation or action restricts it. It is NOT on the California Proposition 65 list (verified absent from the OEHHA list) for cancer or for developmental/reproductive toxicity. Regulatory — FDA Consumer Antiseptic Wa · Federal Register |
| Canada | Environment and Climate Change Canada and Health Canada completed a FINAL screening assessment of triclocarban under CEPA (published 25 March 2023; Government of Canada publication En84-317/2022E): based on its current exposure profile in Canada it did NOT meet any of the criteria in section 64 of CEPA, so it was not added to Schedule 1 (List of Toxic Substances) — in contrast to triclosan, which was added in 2018. The assessment nonetheless flags ecological effects of concern (high toxicity to aquatic organisms), and Canada has published Federal Environmental Quality Guidelines for triclocarban. Regulatory — Government of Canada |
| Australia | Assessed under the NICNAS IMAP program (functions now administered by AICIS) in both a human-health Tier II and an environment Tier II assessment. The environmental assessment characterized triclocarban as very highly toxic to aquatic organisms and calculated a risk quotient above 1 for releases to surface water in sewage-treatment-plant effluent, concluding that its industrial use may pose an unreasonable risk to the aquatic environment (while noting the surface-water concentration may be overestimated). No outright marketing ban was identified; it is a regulated industrial chemical under AICIS (any agvet uses would fall to the APVMA, not AICIS). Regulatory — AICIS |
| United Kingdom | Great Britain inherited the EU position at the end of the transition period. No GB Mandatory Classification and Labelling (GB MCL) entry specific to triclocarban was identified, so suppliers self-classify under GB CLP (typically as hazardous to the aquatic environment). No UK REACH restriction or authorisation requirement specific to triclocarban was identified; the cosmetics-preservative limits derive from assimilated EU cosmetics law administered in GB. Not independently confirmed against the live GB MCL list, so treated as partial. Regulatory — HSE |
| International | No global treaty determination applies to triclocarban in its own name: it is not listed under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, and IARC has not published a carcinogenicity classification for triclocarban itself (verified absent from the IARC list of classified agents). A degradation product of triclocarban — 4-chloroaniline (para-chloroaniline, CAS 106-47-8), formed when the urea bridge is hydrolysed — is separately classified IARC Group 2B (Monographs Vol. 57, 1993), but that is a different substance. Regulatory — Stockholm Convention · IARC |
| Certifications | CertiPUR-US: not addressed — its criteria target flexible polyurethane-foam process chemicals and emissions (PBDEs, regulated phthalates, formaldehyde, heavy metals, certain 'Tris' flame retardants, low VOCs); triclocarban is an antibacterial preservative, not a foam input, and is not named. OEKO-TEX STANDARD 100: biologically active (antibacterial) finishes are broadly restricted and permitted only as an approved exception via OEKO-TEX's list of accepted Active Chemical Products (and are prohibited outright for baby articles and articles in contact with mucous membranes); triclocarban is not named in the published criteria, so its specific pass/fail status is not stated. GREENGUARD / GREENGUARD Gold: a low-VOC chemical-emissions certification that, by design, would not screen for a non-volatile dust-borne additive such as triclocarban. Cert-specific naming of triclocarban not independently confirmed, so treated as partial. Industry — CertiPUR-US · OEKO-TEX |
| The 72-hour test window | Largely missed. Triclocarban is a non-volatile SVOC (vapour pressure far below the VOC range) that does not off-gas but instead binds to particles and migrates into house dust, where it has been measured; a short ~72h VOC emissions chamber test does not reliably capture it. Inferred — from the compound's volatility/emission profile versus the VOC focus of short chamber tests |
What it is
Triclocarban — TCC — is a polychlorinated antimicrobial that was introduced in the mid-twentieth century and used for over fifty years, above all as the active agent in antibacterial bar soaps. Peer-reviewed — Halden et al. 2017 It is the carbanilide cousin of triclosan, and the two are usually discussed together — they share an antibacterial purpose, a persistence in the environment and the body, and the same regulatory fate.
That fate arrived in 2016. The U.S. FDA finalized a rule determining that triclocarban, triclosan and seventeen other active ingredients are not generally recognized as safe and effective for over-the-counter consumer antiseptic washes — hand soaps, bar soaps and body washes — because manufacturers had not shown them to be safe for long-term daily use or more effective than plain soap and water. Regulatory — FDA Consumer Antiseptic Wash Final Rule, 2016 The result removed triclocarban from U.S. consumer soaps.
How it relates to the bedroom
The amplifier mechanism
What makes triclocarban scientifically distinctive is how it disturbs hormones. Most endocrine disruptors act like a key — mimicking or blocking a hormone at its receptor. Triclocarban, which has little hormonal activity by itself, instead amplifies the hormones already present: in a cell-based assay it enhanced testosterone-driven androgen-receptor activity, and in castrated rats supported with testosterone, adding triclocarban to the diet significantly enlarged the male sex accessory organs. Peer-reviewed — Chen et al. 2008 The researchers described this as a new category of endocrine disruptor — one that turns up the volume on your own hormonal signals. Inferred — characterising the amplification mechanism in plain terms
A persistent personal-care residue
For the sleep environment, triclocarban behaves like the rest of the personal-care family: a skin-applied antimicrobial that transfers from washed skin onto the bedding you lie against. Inferred — leave-on/rinse-off personal-care residues transfer onto bedding, as documented across this family But it adds a persistence problem. A consensus statement signed by more than two hundred scientists and clinicians concluded that triclosan and triclocarban are environmentally persistent endocrine disruptors that bioaccumulate, and biomonitoring has found triclocarban and its metabolites in human urine, blood, and even umbilical cord blood — evidence of exposure reaching the developing fetus. Peer-reviewed — Halden et al. 2017
The honest, calming verdict
The fair reading is neither alarm nor dismissal. The 2016 FDA action was grounded in a lack of demonstrated benefit and unfilled safety questions rather than proof of human harm, and much of the hormone evidence comes from cell and animal studies. Regulatory — FDA 2016 At the same time, the amplifier mechanism, the bioaccumulation, and the cord-blood findings make this an easy compound to reduce — and, conveniently, the regulatory change has already done most of the reducing. Inferred — weighing the precautionary basis of the ban against the bioaccumulation and exposure findings Using ordinary soap is both the simplest fix and, by the FDA's own conclusion, no less effective.
What the research says
- It is a new kind of endocrine disruptor. Amplifies endogenous hormones; enlarged male organs in testosterone-supported rats. Peer-reviewed — Chen et al. 2008
- It is persistent and bioaccumulative. Found in human urine, blood and cord blood; a 200+ scientist consensus flagged it. Peer-reviewed — Halden et al. 2017
- It was FDA-banned from consumer washes in 2016. Not GRASE; no benefit over plain soap. Regulatory — FDA 2016
- Exposure has fallen with the ban. Removed from U.S. consumer soaps. Inferred — from the scope of the FDA rule
What helps reduce it
Skip "antibacterial" soap. Plain soap and water cleans just as well for everyday use — the FDA's own finding — and avoids triclocarban entirely. Regulatory — FDA 2016
Read labels on older or imported products. Check bar soaps and body washes for "triclocarban" or "TCC," especially products bought before the ban or outside the U.S. Inferred — residual presence in legacy and non-US products
Launder bedding normally. The skin-applied residue comes off in the wash. Inferred
What does NOT help
- Reaching for "antibacterial" as if it were safer. For routine washing it offers no proven benefit over plain soap while adding a persistent chemical. Regulatory — FDA 2016
- Air purifiers. Triclocarban is a skin-and-fabric residue, not an airborne pollutant. Inferred
Open research questions
- How much residual triclocarban remains in human body burden and bedding now, years after the consumer-wash ban. Speculation
- The real-world significance of the hormone-amplification mechanism at the low exposures typical of personal-care use. Speculation
The Embr Exposure Ledger: Triclocarban
One chemical, several public questions, answered from independent datasets and joined here — the environment it shows up in, the body burden it carries, how it is regulated, and what actually reduces it.
Detection and body-burden figures are occurrence data, not a personal measurement or a health diagnosis. Part of the Embr Exposure Ledger — an open, cross-dataset chemical join (download the data), reusable with attribution.
Citations
- Chen J, et al. (2008). Triclocarban enhances testosterone action: a new type of endocrine disruptor? Endocrinology. TCC amplifies testosterone-driven androgen-receptor activity in vitro and enlarged male sex organs in testosterone-supported rats. Via Consensus. DOI 10.1210/en.2007-1057 Peer-reviewed
- Halden RU, et al. (2017). The Florence Statement on Triclosan and Triclocarban. Environmental Health Perspectives. A consensus of 200+ scientists: persistent, bioaccumulative endocrine disruptors with a lack of demonstrated benefit. Via Consensus. DOI 10.1289/ehp1788 Peer-reviewed
- U.S. FDA (2016). Safety and Effectiveness of Consumer Antiseptics — Final Rule (81 FR 61106). Triclocarban and triclosan are not generally recognized as safe and effective for OTC consumer antiseptic washes; no demonstrated benefit over plain soap. fda.gov Regulatory
Frequently asked questions
Wasn't triclocarban banned?
Yes, in part. In September 2016 the U.S. FDA ruled that triclocarban (along with triclosan and 17 other ingredients) is not generally recognized as safe and effective for over-the-counter consumer antiseptic wash products — hand soaps, bar soaps and body washes — and gave manufacturers until 2017 to remove it. Importantly, the ban was based on manufacturers failing to show the ingredient is both safe for long-term daily use and more effective than plain soap and water, so it removed triclocarban from U.S. consumer soaps. It can still appear in some other product types and in products outside the U.S.
What makes triclocarban's hormone effect unusual?
Most hormone-disrupting chemicals act by mimicking or blocking a hormone themselves. Triclocarban does something different: it has little hormone activity on its own but amplifies the action of your body's own hormones, such as testosterone. In laboratory work it boosted testosterone-driven activity and, in rats given testosterone, enlarged the male sex organs. That "amplifier" mechanism is why it was described as a new type of endocrine disruptor.
How does it relate to the bedroom?
Like its cousin triclosan, triclocarban is a personal-care residue: it was used in antibacterial soaps and other products, and it transfers from washed skin onto the fabric you sleep against. It is also persistent and bioaccumulative, turning up in human urine, blood, and even umbilical cord blood, which is why reducing avoidable exposure is reasonable. The bedroom is downstream of the bathroom — what you wash with ends up where you sleep.
How do I avoid it?
Skip "antibacterial" soaps and washes — plain soap and water is just as effective for everyday hand and body washing, which was the FDA's own conclusion. Check ingredient lists on bar soaps, body washes and any older products you still own for "triclocarban" or "TCC." Because the compound was removed from U.S. consumer washes, simply using ordinary soap largely takes care of it.
Related compounds
Embr is a sleep environment company researching and addressing the chemistry of the bedroom. Research and product development in progress.
Last reviewed 2026-06-27. If you find a factual error, contact us.